What is subsurface irrigation?

Subsurface irrigation is a method that involves applying water below the soil surface, directly to the root zone of plants. This approach allows for efficient water use because it minimizes evaporation and runoff, delivering moisture directly where it is needed most. By placing the irrigation components underground, subsurface irrigation also helps to avoid surface waterlogging and promotes deeper root growth, which can lead to healthier and more resilient plants.

This method is particularly advantageous in areas where water conservation is critical, as it ensures that the water is used more effectively. Additionally, subsurface irrigation can reduce the likelihood of weed growth and disease, as the surface of the soil remains drier compared to traditional overhead methods.

Other irrigation methods mentioned do not achieve this direct application to the root zone. Overhead irrigation involves spraying water onto plants from above, which can lead to higher evaporation losses. Shallow irrigation channels apply water to the surface, and thus may not be as effective in reaching deeper roots. Lastly, restricting irrigation to specific weather conditions does not describe a method, but rather a strategy that may be used with various irrigation techniques, and it does not emphasize direct application to the root zone.